Preface: Special Topic on Supramolecular Self-Assembly at Surfaces

Supramolecular self-assembly at surfaces is one of the most exciting and active fields in Surface Science today. Applications can take advantage of two key properties: (i) versatile pattern formation over a broad length scale and (ii) tunability of electronic structure and transport properties, as well as frontier orbital alignment. It provides a new frontier for Chemical Physics as it uniquely combines the versatility of Organic Synthesis and the Physics of Interfaces. The Journal of Chemical Physics is pleased to publish this Special Topic Issue, showcasing recent advances and new directions

Symmetric chain decomposition for cyclic quotients of Boolean algebras and relation to cyclic crystals

The quotient of a Boolean algebra by a cyclic group is proven to have a symmetric chain decomposition. This generalizes earlier work of Griggs, Killian and Savage on the case of prime order, giving an explicit construction for any order, prime or composite. The combinatorial map specifying how to proceed downward in a symmetric chain is shown to be a natural cyclic analogue of the $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ lowering operator in the theory of crystal bases.Comment: minor revisions; to appear in IMR

Creating Virtual Cooperative Learning Experiences for Aspiring School Leaders and Practitioners with Web 2.0

In December of 2008, the authors were awarded a University of North Carolina at Charlotte funded curriculum and instructional development grant based on two innovative ideas for preparing future school leaders: (1) the creation and use of wikis to expand and deepen student learning beyond the classroom, and (2) the creation of a virtual social network to connect current educational leadership students and graduates, providing the opportunity and the means for networking between students and practitioners, practitioners with each other, and both groups with educational leadership professors around the proposition that solving problems of practice (whether in the graduate classroom or in the K-12 arena) can be significantly enhanced by sharing personal knowledge of research-based strategies and school-proven best practices

Psychosocial Predictors of Taiwanese Secondary Students' Self-Esteem

This study investigated the relationships between psychosocial factors and self-esteem 1,672 Taiwanese senior high school students (779 boys, 893 girls). Students from Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, completed a Chinese version of the Secondary Student Questionnaire (SSQ), which measures self-esteem, depression, anxiety, stereotyped thinking, personality, and satisfaction with nonacademic performance at school. Students were categorized into four groups: (a) high academic achievement/low self-esteem (HALS); (b) high academic achievement/high self-esteem (HAHS); (c) low academic achievement/ low-self esteem (LALS); and (d) low academic achievement/high self-esteem (LAHS). Results showed that two variables, personality/satisfaction and anxiety, were predictive self-esteem for all four groups. Depression was predictive for all groups except low achievement and high self-esteem (LAHS). Research recommendations and educational implications are discussed.Cette étude porte sur les liens entre des facteurs psychosociaux et l'estime de soi de 1 élèves taïwanais du secondaire (779 garçons, 893filles). Des élèves de Kaohsiung City, Taiwan ont complété une version chinoise du Secondary Student Questionnaire (SSQ) mesure l'estime de soi, la dépression, l'anxiété, les attitudes stéréotypées, le caractère et la satisfaction quant à la performance nonacadémique à l'école. Quatre catégories d'élèves ont été créées : (a) performance académique élevée/estime de soi pauvre (HALS) ; (b) performance académique élevée/estime de soi élevée (HAHS); (c) performance académique pauvre/estime de soi pauvre (LALS) ; et performance académique pauvre/estime de soi élevée (LAHS). Les résultats indiquent que deux variables, caractère/satisfaction et anxiété, étaient prédictives de l'estime de soi pour les quatre groupes. La dépression était une variable prédictive chez tous les élèves sauf pour le groupe caractérisé par une performance académique pauvre/estime de soi élevée. Nous discutons de recommandations de recherche et d'implications pédagogiques

Experiences of Somali and Oromo Youth in the Child Protection System

Background: Little is known about the experiences or proportion of refugees involved with child protective services (CPS) in the United States, because they are not an identifiable group in CPS data systems. This study utilized an innovative data matching project to identify refugees in CPS data systems and explored the experiences of Somali and Oromo youth in Minnesota\u27s child protection system. Methods: A sample of 629 Somali and 62 Oromo youth who were involved with CPS between 2000 and 2013 were identified by linking datasets from the Minnesota Departments of Education and Human Services. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and t-tests were used to explore the proportion and characteristics of children involved with CPS, placement experiences, and child protection professionals\u27 documentation of families\u27 strengths and needs. Results: Somali and Oromo youth were involved with CPS at low rates (3.7%). Residential treatment facilities were the most common out-of-home (OHP) placement settings for Somali youth (41%), and almost a third of placements for Oromo youth were in a correctional facility (31.6%). Strengths identified for both groups included low alcohol and other drug use and few health issues. Needs included social support, mental health/coping support, and parenting skills. Conclusions: OHP settings for Somali and Oromo youth were highly restrictive. More research is needed to determine what is driving the high utilization of restrictive placements for Somali and Oromo youth, how accurately the Structured Decision Making tool assesses strengths and needs for families with refugee backgrounds, and how CPS professionals\u27 assessments of strengths and needs compare to the refugee families\u27 perceptions of their own strengths and needs

Endovenous Thermal Ablation for Treatment of Symptomatic Saphenous Veins-Does the Body Weight Matter?

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine whether body weight may affect the effectiveness and safety of endovenous thermal ablation (ETA) for the treatment of symptomatic varicose veins. METHODS This retrospective single-center cohort study analyzed the outcomes and patient demographic data with a focus on the body weight of all patients who had ETA of symptomatic varicose veins between September 2017 and October 2020. RESULTS A total of 1178 treated truncal veins from 636 patients were analyzed. The mean ± standard deviation body mass index (BMI) was 25.5 ± 4.9. In 2.3% of cases, the patients were underweight (BMI 25), and 16.6% were obese (BMI > 30). Complete truncal occlusion was observed 1 year post intervention in 97.6-100% and patients were satisfied or very satisfied in 96.2-100% across BMI groups. Pain was low but significantly higher in the patients with obesity 6 weeks post intervention (visual analog scale 0.84 ± 1.49) and a higher infection rate was observed in the patients with obesity (n = 4/132; 3.0%). No significant association was observed between BMI and bleeding or thromboembolic events. CONCLUSIONS Patients with obesity experienced prolonged pain and more infections after ETA, but ETA for varicose vein treatment remains effective and safe, independent of the patient's BMI

Spam1-associated transmission ratio distortion in mice: Elucidating the mechanism

BACKGROUND: While transmission ratio distortion, TRD, (a deviation from Mendelian ratio) is extensive in humans and well-documented in mice, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Our earlier studies on carriers of spontaneous mutations of mouse Sperm Adhesion Molecule 1 (Spam1) suggested that TRD results from biochemically different sperm, due to a lack of transcript sharing through the intercellular cytoplasmic bridges of spermatids. These bridges usually allow transcript sharing among genetically different spermatids which develop into biochemically and functionally equivalent sperm. OBJECTIVES: The goals of the study were to provide support for the lack of sharing (LOS) hypothesis, using transgene and null carriers of Spam1, and to determine the mechanism of Spam1-associated TRD. METHODS: Carriers of Spam1-Hyal5 BAC transgenes were mated with wild-type female mice and the progeny analyzed for TRD by PCR genotyping. Sperm from transgene and Spam1 null carriers were analyzed using flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry to detect quantities of Spam1 and/or Hyal5. Transgene-bearing sperm with Spam1 overexpression were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization. In wild-type animals, EM studies of in situ transcript hybridization of testis sections and Northern analysis of biochemically fractionated testicular RNA were performed to localize Spam1 transcript. Finally, AU-rich motifs identified in the 3' UTR of Spam1 RNA were assayed by UV cross-linking to determine their ability to interact with testicular RNA binding proteins. RESULTS: The Tg8 line of transgene carriers had a significant (P < 0.001) TRD, due to reduced fertilizing ability of transgene-bearing sperm. These sperm retained large cytoplasmic droplets engorged with overexpressed Spam1 or Hyal5 protein. Caudal sperm from transgene carriers and caput sperm of null carriers showed a bimodal distribution of Spam1, indicating that the sperm in a male were biochemically different with respect to Spam1 quantities. Spam1 RNA was absent from the bridges, associated exclusively with the ER, and was shown to be anchored to the cytoskeleton. This compartmentalization of the transcript, mediated by cytoskeletal binding, occurs via protein interactions with 3' UTR AU-rich sequences that are likely involved in its stabilization. CONCLUSION: We provide strong support for the LOS hypothesis, and have elucidated the mechanism of Spam1-associated TRD

The Translation of Instruction Manuals for Smart Products (Smartphones and Tablets): A Comparative Study between Chinese and Spanish

This article focuses on the text genre «instruction manual» of smart products, specifically the smartphone and tablet. Through a comparable corpus (original Chinese and Spanish manuals) and a parallel corpus (Chinese originals and their Spanish translations) composed of texts from two Chinese and three Spanish companies, the macro and microstructure of this text genre are studied, as well as the most common translation techniques used for the translation of these manuals from Chinese into Spanish. The analysis shows that there are some differences between the Chinese and Spanish manuals in terms of structure, content and trend in the use of terminology, although these are not radical differences. In addition, it is observed that the most commonly used translation techniques in instruction manuals are amplification and particularization, adding or specifying information depending on what is needed./n Este artículo se centra en el género «manual de instrucciones» de productos inteligentes, en concreto del teléfono inteligente y la tableta. A través de un corpus comparable (manuales en chino y español original) y paralelo (originales en chino y sus traducciones al español) de dos empresas chinas y tres españolas, se estudia la macroestructura de este género textual, así como las técnicas de traducción habituales en las traducciones del chino al español de estos manuales. El análisis arroja que se dan algunas diferencias entre los manuales en chino y en español en la estructura, el contenido y la tendencia en el uso de la terminología, si bien no son diferencias radicales. Además, se observa que las técnicas de traducción más empleadas en el manual de instrucciones son la amplificación y la particularización, añadiendo o concretando información en función de la conveniencia

La traducción del manual de instrucciones de productos inteligentes (teléfonos y tabletas) : estudio contrastivo entre chino y español

Exemplar dedicat a: Translating and Interpreting between Chinese and Spanish in the Contemporary World: Current Perspectives and HorizonsThis article focuses on the text genre «instruction manual» of smart products, specifically the smartphone and tablet. Through a comparable corpus (original Chinese and Spanish manuals) and a parallel corpus (Chinese originals and their Spanish translations) composed of texts from two Chinese and three Spanish companies, the macro and microstructure of this text genre are studied, as well as the most common translation techniques used for the translation of these manuals from Chinese into Spanish. The analysis shows that there are some differences between the Chinese and Spanish manuals in terms of structure, content and trend in the use of terminology, although these are not radical differences. In addition, it is observed that the most commonly used translation techniques in instruction manuals are amplification and particularization, adding or specifying information depending on what is needed.Este artículo se centra en el género «manual de instrucciones» de productos inteligentes, en concreto del teléfono inteligente y la tableta. A través de un corpus comparable (manuales en chino y español original) y paralelo (originales en chino y sus traducciones al español) de dos empresas chinas y tres españolas, se estudia la macroestructura de este género textual, así como las técnicas de traducción habituales en las traducciones del chino al español de estos manuales. El análisis arroja que se dan algunas diferencias entre los manuales en chino y en español en la estructura, el contenido y la tendencia en el uso de la terminología, si bien no son diferencias radicales. Además, se observa que las técnicas de traducción más empleadas en el manual de instrucciones son la amplificación y la particularización, añadiendo o concretando información en función de la conveniencia